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piezoelectric actuator  (Thorlabs)
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A mounted light-emitting diode (LED, 810 nm center wavelength, 30 nm bandwidth) was used as an extended spatially incoherent source (S1). A first lens pair (L1) imaged the source onto the illumination mask (OM). A first polarizer (Pol.1), combined with a polarizing beam splitter (PBS), controlled the sample-to-reference optical flux ratio by adjusting the polarization balance between the two interferometer arms. A doublet (L2) relayed the illumination mask to the back focal planes of the microscope objectives (Obj.1 and Obj.2) through the intermediate relay lenses (L3 and L4), forming the Linnik interferometer. The illumination iris (Ir.1), positioned at the focal plane of L2 and conjugated to the sample plane, was used for partial field illumination (PFI) to reduce incoherent background generated by multiple scattering. A <t>piezoelectric</t> actuator (PZT) and a linear delay stage introduced dynamic and static phase shifts, respectively. Quarter-wave plates (QWP1 and QWP2) rotated the polarization state after reflection from either the sample or the reference mirror, enabling polarization routing through the PBS and strong suppression of parasitic reflections. A second polarizer (Pol.2) acted as an analyzer to project the orthogonal sample and reference fields onto a common polarization axis before detection by the cMOS camera. This ratio-free polarization architecture enables continuous tuning of the sample-to-reference field ratio, improves detector dynamic range usage, and provides the optical basis for both sensitivity enhancement and partial field illumination in D-FFOCT.
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A mounted light-emitting diode (LED, 810 nm center wavelength, 30 nm bandwidth) was used as an extended spatially incoherent source (S1). A first lens pair (L1) imaged the source onto the illumination mask (OM). A first polarizer (Pol.1), combined with a polarizing beam splitter (PBS), controlled the sample-to-reference optical flux ratio by adjusting the polarization balance between the two interferometer arms. A doublet (L2) relayed the illumination mask to the back focal planes of the microscope objectives (Obj.1 and Obj.2) through the intermediate relay lenses (L3 and L4), forming the Linnik interferometer. The illumination iris (Ir.1), positioned at the focal plane of L2 and conjugated to the sample plane, was used for partial field illumination (PFI) to reduce incoherent background generated by multiple scattering. A <t>piezoelectric</t> actuator (PZT) and a linear delay stage introduced dynamic and static phase shifts, respectively. Quarter-wave plates (QWP1 and QWP2) rotated the polarization state after reflection from either the sample or the reference mirror, enabling polarization routing through the PBS and strong suppression of parasitic reflections. A second polarizer (Pol.2) acted as an analyzer to project the orthogonal sample and reference fields onto a common polarization axis before detection by the cMOS camera. This ratio-free polarization architecture enables continuous tuning of the sample-to-reference field ratio, improves detector dynamic range usage, and provides the optical basis for both sensitivity enhancement and partial field illumination in D-FFOCT.
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piezoelectric actuators  (Thorlabs)
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A mounted light-emitting diode (LED, 810 nm center wavelength, 30 nm bandwidth) was used as an extended spatially incoherent source (S1). A first lens pair (L1) imaged the source onto the illumination mask (OM). A first polarizer (Pol.1), combined with a polarizing beam splitter (PBS), controlled the sample-to-reference optical flux ratio by adjusting the polarization balance between the two interferometer arms. A doublet (L2) relayed the illumination mask to the back focal planes of the microscope objectives (Obj.1 and Obj.2) through the intermediate relay lenses (L3 and L4), forming the Linnik interferometer. The illumination iris (Ir.1), positioned at the focal plane of L2 and conjugated to the sample plane, was used for partial field illumination (PFI) to reduce incoherent background generated by multiple scattering. A <t>piezoelectric</t> actuator (PZT) and a linear delay stage introduced dynamic and static phase shifts, respectively. Quarter-wave plates (QWP1 and QWP2) rotated the polarization state after reflection from either the sample or the reference mirror, enabling polarization routing through the PBS and strong suppression of parasitic reflections. A second polarizer (Pol.2) acted as an analyzer to project the orthogonal sample and reference fields onto a common polarization axis before detection by the cMOS camera. This ratio-free polarization architecture enables continuous tuning of the sample-to-reference field ratio, improves detector dynamic range usage, and provides the optical basis for both sensitivity enhancement and partial field illumination in D-FFOCT.
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low voltage piezoelectric pzt actuator  (Thorlabs)
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A mounted light-emitting diode (LED, 810 nm center wavelength, 30 nm bandwidth) was used as an extended spatially incoherent source (S1). A first lens pair (L1) imaged the source onto the illumination mask (OM). A first polarizer (Pol.1), combined with a polarizing beam splitter (PBS), controlled the sample-to-reference optical flux ratio by adjusting the polarization balance between the two interferometer arms. A doublet (L2) relayed the illumination mask to the back focal planes of the microscope objectives (Obj.1 and Obj.2) through the intermediate relay lenses (L3 and L4), forming the Linnik interferometer. The illumination iris (Ir.1), positioned at the focal plane of L2 and conjugated to the sample plane, was used for partial field illumination (PFI) to reduce incoherent background generated by multiple scattering. A <t>piezoelectric</t> actuator (PZT) and a linear delay stage introduced dynamic and static phase shifts, respectively. Quarter-wave plates (QWP1 and QWP2) rotated the polarization state after reflection from either the sample or the reference mirror, enabling polarization routing through the PBS and strong suppression of parasitic reflections. A second polarizer (Pol.2) acted as an analyzer to project the orthogonal sample and reference fields onto a common polarization axis before detection by the cMOS camera. This ratio-free polarization architecture enables continuous tuning of the sample-to-reference field ratio, improves detector dynamic range usage, and provides the optical basis for both sensitivity enhancement and partial field illumination in D-FFOCT.
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piezoelectric actuated gaas based mems tunable vcsel  (Photonics Inc)
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A mounted light-emitting diode (LED, 810 nm center wavelength, 30 nm bandwidth) was used as an extended spatially incoherent source (S1). A first lens pair (L1) imaged the source onto the illumination mask (OM). A first polarizer (Pol.1), combined with a polarizing beam splitter (PBS), controlled the sample-to-reference optical flux ratio by adjusting the polarization balance between the two interferometer arms. A doublet (L2) relayed the illumination mask to the back focal planes of the microscope objectives (Obj.1 and Obj.2) through the intermediate relay lenses (L3 and L4), forming the Linnik interferometer. The illumination iris (Ir.1), positioned at the focal plane of L2 and conjugated to the sample plane, was used for partial field illumination (PFI) to reduce incoherent background generated by multiple scattering. A <t>piezoelectric</t> actuator (PZT) and a linear delay stage introduced dynamic and static phase shifts, respectively. Quarter-wave plates (QWP1 and QWP2) rotated the polarization state after reflection from either the sample or the reference mirror, enabling polarization routing through the PBS and strong suppression of parasitic reflections. A second polarizer (Pol.2) acted as an analyzer to project the orthogonal sample and reference fields onto a common polarization axis before detection by the cMOS camera. This ratio-free polarization architecture enables continuous tuning of the sample-to-reference field ratio, improves detector dynamic range usage, and provides the optical basis for both sensitivity enhancement and partial field illumination in D-FFOCT.
Piezoelectric Actuated Gaas Based Mems Tunable Vcsel, supplied by Photonics Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/piezoelectric+actuator/10__1021_slash_acsphotonics__5c01687-238-26-1?v=Photonics+Inc
Average 86 stars, based on 1 article reviews
piezoelectric actuated gaas based mems tunable vcsel - by Bioz Stars, 2026-07
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A mounted light-emitting diode (LED, 810 nm center wavelength, 30 nm bandwidth) was used as an extended spatially incoherent source (S1). A first lens pair (L1) imaged the source onto the illumination mask (OM). A first polarizer (Pol.1), combined with a polarizing beam splitter (PBS), controlled the sample-to-reference optical flux ratio by adjusting the polarization balance between the two interferometer arms. A doublet (L2) relayed the illumination mask to the back focal planes of the microscope objectives (Obj.1 and Obj.2) through the intermediate relay lenses (L3 and L4), forming the Linnik interferometer. The illumination iris (Ir.1), positioned at the focal plane of L2 and conjugated to the sample plane, was used for partial field illumination (PFI) to reduce incoherent background generated by multiple scattering. A piezoelectric actuator (PZT) and a linear delay stage introduced dynamic and static phase shifts, respectively. Quarter-wave plates (QWP1 and QWP2) rotated the polarization state after reflection from either the sample or the reference mirror, enabling polarization routing through the PBS and strong suppression of parasitic reflections. A second polarizer (Pol.2) acted as an analyzer to project the orthogonal sample and reference fields onto a common polarization axis before detection by the cMOS camera. This ratio-free polarization architecture enables continuous tuning of the sample-to-reference field ratio, improves detector dynamic range usage, and provides the optical basis for both sensitivity enhancement and partial field illumination in D-FFOCT.

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Ratio-Free Detection and Partial Field Illumination Improve Time-Domain Dynamic Full-Field Optical Coherence Tomography Sensitivity for Retinal Organoid Imaging

doi: 10.64898/2026.04.18.719402

Figure Lengend Snippet: A mounted light-emitting diode (LED, 810 nm center wavelength, 30 nm bandwidth) was used as an extended spatially incoherent source (S1). A first lens pair (L1) imaged the source onto the illumination mask (OM). A first polarizer (Pol.1), combined with a polarizing beam splitter (PBS), controlled the sample-to-reference optical flux ratio by adjusting the polarization balance between the two interferometer arms. A doublet (L2) relayed the illumination mask to the back focal planes of the microscope objectives (Obj.1 and Obj.2) through the intermediate relay lenses (L3 and L4), forming the Linnik interferometer. The illumination iris (Ir.1), positioned at the focal plane of L2 and conjugated to the sample plane, was used for partial field illumination (PFI) to reduce incoherent background generated by multiple scattering. A piezoelectric actuator (PZT) and a linear delay stage introduced dynamic and static phase shifts, respectively. Quarter-wave plates (QWP1 and QWP2) rotated the polarization state after reflection from either the sample or the reference mirror, enabling polarization routing through the PBS and strong suppression of parasitic reflections. A second polarizer (Pol.2) acted as an analyzer to project the orthogonal sample and reference fields onto a common polarization axis before detection by the cMOS camera. This ratio-free polarization architecture enables continuous tuning of the sample-to-reference field ratio, improves detector dynamic range usage, and provides the optical basis for both sensitivity enhancement and partial field illumination in D-FFOCT.

Article Snippet: Dynamic and static phase shifts were introduced using a piezoelectric actuator (PZT; PK44M3B8P2, Thorlabs) and a linear translation stage (XR50P, Thorlabs), respectively.

Techniques: Microscopy, Generated